How the protection works
The PDF is encrypted with AES-256, the strongest standard PDF encryption, which every modern PDF reader supports. Anyone opening it, in Adobe Acrobat, Preview, a browser or a phone app, has to enter the password first.
Share the password in a different way from the file. If you email the PDF, send the password by text message or tell it in person.
Choosing a password
Longer is stronger. A phrase of three or four random words is easy to say over the phone and hard to guess. There is no way to recover a forgotten password, so keep the original unprotected file somewhere safe.